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Glossary

Abbreviations

+
indicates the presence of further Narrower Terms (NTs)
RT
Related Term
UF
Used for: indicates that the descriptor has one or more non-descriptors
UF+
indicates that the descriptor is one of two descriptors which in combination cover the concept of the non-descriptors following +
USE
Use: points from a non-descriptor to the relevant descriptor
USE ... AND ...
USE descriptor AND descriptor: points from a non-descriptor to the relevant descriptor combination which expresses the concept
History
History Note: documents descriptor additions or rephrased descriptors
SN
Scope Note: use instructions, definitions, alternatives etc.
En
corresponding English descriptor
Ger
corresponding German descriptor
Fr
corresponding French descriptor
Conc
concordances, i.e. the descriptor/s which are used in the reference thesauri in order to express the same concept
B
Bioethics Thesaurus (Bioethics Information Retrieval Project, Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA; reference thesaurus)
E
Euroethics Thesaurus (Informations- und Dokumentationsstelle Ethik in der Medizin, Göttingen, Germany; reference thesaurus)
I
Thesaurus d'éthique des sciences de la vie et de la santé (Centre de documentation en éthique de l’Inserm, Paris, France; reference thesaurus)
M
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH, U.S. National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA; reference thesaurus)

Source References of the Scope Notes

The language indicator following the source reference refers ot the original language (En, Ger, Fr, multilingual). Translations for the other language versions of the Thesaurus were prepared by the DRZE or its partners.

Allaby-2
Allaby, Michael (ed.) (2004): A Dictionary of Ecology. 2nd ed. Oxford. (En)
Alsing-3
Alsing, Ingrid (1995): Lexikon Landwirtschaft. 3., überarb. und erw. Aufl. München. (Ger)
BÄK-1995
Bundesärztekammer (1995): Richtlinien zum Gentransfer in menschliche Körperzellen. In: Deutsches Ärzteblatt 92 (11), A789-794, B583-588, C507-512. (Ger)
Bains-2
Bains, William (1998): Biotechnology from A to Z. 2nd ed. Oxford, New York, Tokyo. (En)
Baumgartner/Mieth
Baumgartner, Christoph / Mieth, Dietmar (ed.) (2003): Patente am Leben? Ethische, rechtliche und politische Aspekte der Biopatentierung. Paderborn. (Ger)
Bioethics
Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Bioethics Information Retrieval Project (1999): Bioethics Thesaurus. Washington. URL http://bioethics.georgetown.edu/databases/bt (incl. updates until 2001 and as of 2007; En)
Blackburn-2
Blackburn, Simon (2005): The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy. 2nd ed. Oxford, New York. (En)
Britannica Online
Encyclopædia Britannica Online. URL http://www.britannica.com (En)
(the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the mentioned source was consulted)
Brockhaus-20
Brockhaus - Die Enzyklopädie in 24 Bänden (1996-99). 20., überarb. und aktualisierte Aufl. Leipzig, Mannheim. (Ger)
Brockhaus-21
Brockhaus - Die Enzyklopädie in 30 Bänden (2005-07). 21., neu bearb. Aufl. Leipzig, Mannheim. (Ger)
Brugger-21
Brugger, Walter (ed.) (1992): Philosophisches Wörterbuch. Sonderausg., 21., nach der neu bearb. 14. durchges. Aufl. Freiburg im Breisgau, Basel, Wien. (Ger)
Brundtland Report
World Commission on Environment and Development (1987): Our Common Future [Brundtland Report]. Oxford, New York. (En)
CBD-3
Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (2005): Handbook of the Convention on Biological Diversity Including its Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety. 3rd ed. Montreal. URL http://www.cbd.int/handbook (En)
CISMeF
CHU - Hôpitaux de Rouen: Terminologie CISMeF. URL http://terminologiecismef.chu-rouen.fr (Fr, En)
(the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the mentioned source was consulted)
Creifelds-16
Creifelds, Carl / Weber, Klaus (ed.) (2000): Rechtswörterbuch. 16., neubearb. Aufl. München. (Ger)
Directive (EC) No 2002/73
European Parliament / Council of the European Union (2002): Directive 2002/73/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 September 2002 amending Council Directive 76/207/EEC on the implementation of the principle of equal treatment for men and women as regards access to employment, vocational training and promotion, and working conditions. In: Official Journal of the European Communities L 269 (05.10.2002), 15-20. (multilingual)
EC CHM Glossary
European Community Biodiversity Clearing House Mechanism: Glossary of biodiversity related terms. URL http://biodiversity-chm.eea.europa.eu/nyglossary_terms (En)
(the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the mentioned source was consulted)
EEA Glossary
European Environment Agency: EEA Multilingual Environmental Glossary. URL http://glossary.eea.europa.eu/EEAGlossary (multilingual)
(the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the mentioned source was consulted)
EET-1998
European Commission / Council of Europe (1998): European Education Thesaurus. URL http://eacea.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/Eurydice/TEE (multilingual)
Enc.App.Eth.
Chadwick, Ruth (ed.) (1998): Encyclopedia of Applied Ethics. Vols. I-IV. San Diego, London. (En)
Encarta Dictionary
Encarta World English Dictionary. World English ed. URL http://dictionary.msn.com (En)
(the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the mentioned source was consulted)
Enc.Bioeth.-3
Post, Stephen G. (ed.) (2004): Encyclopedia of Bioethics. Vols. I-V. 3rd ed. New York. (En)
Enc.Phil.
Edwards, Paul (ed.) (1967): The Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Vols. I-VIII. New York, London. (En)
Enz.Phil.Wiss.
Mittelstraß, Jürgen (ed.) (1980-96): Enzyklopädie Philosophie und Wissenschaftstheorie. Vols. I-IV. Mannheim, Wien, Zürich. (Ger)
ERIC
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, Education Resources Information Center: Thesaurus of ERIC Descriptors. URL http://www.eric.ed.gov (En)
(the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the mentioned source was consulted)
EU Glossary
European Union: Glossary. URL http://europa.eu/scadplus/glossary/index_en.htm (multilingual)
(the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the mentioned source was consulted)
Eurodicautom
European Commission: Eurodicautom. European Terminology Database. URL http://europa.eu/eurodicautom (multilingual)
(since 2007 accessible via the terminology database IATE)
Eurovoc-4.2
European Communities (2005): Eurovoc Thesaurus. Version 4.2. URL http://europa.eu/eurovoc/ (multilingual)
Evert
Evert, Klaus-Jürgen (ed.) (2001): Lexikon - Landschafts- und Stadtplanung. Berlin, Heidelberg. (multilingual)
Gabler-14
Gabler Wirtschafts-Lexikon (1997). Vols. I-V. 14., vollst. überarb. und erw. Aufl. Wiesbaden. (Ger)
GEMET-2004
European Environment Information and Observation Network (2004): GEMET. General Multilingual Environmental Thesaurus. URL http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet (multilingual)
GTZ
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit: Begriffswelt der GTZ. URL http://www.gtz.de/glossar (multilingual)
(the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the mentioned source was consulted)
Halder/Müller-1993
Halder, Alois / Müller, Max (1993): Philosophisches Wörterbuch. Erw. Neuausg. Freiburg im Breisgau, Basel, Wien. (Ger)
Handbuch Ethik
Düwell, Marcus / Hübenthal, Christoph / Werner, Micha H. (ed.) (2002): Handbuch Ethik. Stuttgart, Weimar. (Ger)
Handbuch Ethik-2
Düwell, Marcus / Hübenthal, Christoph / Werner, Micha H. (ed.) (2006): Handbuch Ethik. 2., aktualisierte und erw. Aufl. Stuttgart, Weimar. (Ger)
Herder
Sauermost, Rolf (ed.) (1994): Herder Lexikon der Biologie. Vols. I-IX and suppl. Heidelberg, Berlin, Oxford. (Ger)
Höffe-6
Höffe, Otfried (ed.) (2002): Lexikon der Ethik. 6., neubearb. Aufl. München. (Ger)
IATE
European Communities: IATE. Interactive Terminology for Europe. URL http://iate.europa.eu (multilingual)
(the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the mentioned source was consulted)
INSERM
Centre de documentation en éthique de l’Inserm (1999): Thesaurus d'éthique des sciences de la vie et de la santé. Paris. (incl. updates until 2002; Fr)
LdB
Korff, Wilhelm / Beck, Lutwin / Mikat, Paul (ed.) (1998): Lexikon der Bioethik. Vols. I-III. Gütersloh. (Ger)
Levy-2007
Levy, Neil (2007): Neuroethics. Cambridge, New York. (En)
Lex.chr.Ethik
Hunold, Gerfried W. (ed.) (2003): Lexikon der christlichen Ethik. Vols. I-II. Freiburg im Breisgau, Basel, Wien. (Ger)
Lex.Neurowiss.
Lexikon der Neurowissenschaft (2000-01). Vols. I-IV. Heidelberg, Berlin. (Ger)
Lex.Politik-4
Nohlen, Dieter / Grotz, Florian (ed.) (2007): Kleines Lexikon der Politik. Orig.-Ausg., 4. aktualisierte und erw. Aufl. München. (Ger)
LOC
Library of Congress: Library of Congress Authorities. URL http://authorities.loc.gov (En)
(the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the mentioned source was consulted)
Marb.Richtl.
Philipps-Universität Marburg, Fachbereich Humanmedizin, Kommission für Ethik in der ärztlichen Forschung (1997): Marburger Richtlinien zur Forschung mit einwilligungsunfähigen und beschränkt einwilligungsfähigen Personen. Vom 27.3.1996 in der Fassung vom 22.1.1997. In: Freund, Georg / Heubel, Friedrich: Forschung mit einwilligungsunfähigen und beschränkt einwilligungsfähigen Personen. Medizinrecht 15 (8), 347-350. (Ger)
MedEnc
A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia. URL http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/encyclopedia.html (En)
(the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the respective article/entry was edited)
Merriam Online
Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary. URL http://www.m-w.com (En)
(the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the mentioned source was consulted)
MeSH-2005
U.S. National Library of Medicine (2005): Medical Subject Headings. 2005 MeSH. URL http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/2005/MBrowser.html (En)
MeSH-2006
U.S. National Library of Medicine (2006): Medical Subject Headings. 2006 MeSH. URL http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/2006/MBrowser.html (En)
MeSH-2007
U.S. National Library of Medicine (2007): Medical Subject Headings. 2007 MeSH. URL http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/2007/MBrowser.html (En)
MeSH-2008
U.S. National Library of Medicine (2008): Medical Subject Headings. 2008 MeSH. URL http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/2008/MBrowser.html (En)
MeSH-2009
U.S. National Library of Medicine (2009): Medical Subject Headings. 2009 MeSH. URL http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/2009/MBrowser.html (En)
Meyers-7
Meyers Lexikonredaktion (1999): Meyers großes Taschenlexikon in 25 Bänden. 7., neu bearb. Aufl. Mannheim, Leipzig, Wien, Zürich. (Ger)
Meyers Online
Meyers Lexikon online. URL http://lexikon.meyers.de (Ger)
(not available since March 2009; the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the mentioned source was consulted)
Meyers Phil.
Meyers Lexikonredaktion (1987): Meyers kleines Lexikon Philosophie. Mannheim, Leipzig, Wien, Zürich. (Ger)
NALT-2005
U.S. National Agricultural Library (2005): NAL Agricultural Thesaurus. 2005 ed. URL http://agclass.canr.msu.edu/agt (En)
NALT-2006
U.S. National Agricultural Library (2006): NAL Agricultural Thesaurus. 2006 ed. URL http://agclass.canr.msu.edu/agt (En)
NHM
Natural History Museum (1996): Bioprospecting Policy. In: Natural History Museum (ed.): Life and Earth Sciences and Library Collections. Curatorial Policies and Collections Management Procedures. Rev. ed. London. 2003, 36. URL http://www.nhm.ac.uk (En)
OED
Oxford English Dictionary. OED Online. URL http://www.oed.com (En)
(the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the respective article/entry was edited)
Pschyrembel-257
Pschyrembel Klinisches Wörterbuch (1994). 257., neu bearb. Aufl. Berlin, New York. (Ger)
Pschyrembel-261
Pschyrembel Klinisches Wörterbuch (2007). 261., neu bearb. und erw. Aufl. Berlin, New York. (Ger)
Rameau
Bibliothèque nationale de France: RAMEAU. Répertoire d'autorité-matière encyclopédique et alphabétique unifié. URL http://rameau.bnf.fr (Fr)
(the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the respective article/entry was edited)
Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003
European Parliament / Council of the European Union (2003): Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 on genetically modified food and feed. In: Official Journal of the European Union L 268 (18.10.2003), 1-23. (multilingual)
Roco/Bainbridge
Roco, Mihail C. / Bainbridge, William S. (ed.) (2003): Converging Technologies for Improving Human Performance. Dordrecht, Boston, London (En)
Römpp Umwelt-2
Hulpke, Herwig / Koch, Herbert A. / Nießner, Reinhard (ed.) (2000): Römpp-Lexikon Umwelt. 2., völlig überarb. Aufl. Stuttgart, New York. (Ger)
Schaefer-4
Schaefer, Matthias (2003): Wörterbuch der Ökologie. 4., neu bearb. und erw. Aufl. Heidelberg, Berlin. (Ger)
SWD
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek: SWD. Schlagwortnormdatei. URL http://www.d-nb.de/standardisierung/normdateien/swd.htm (Ger)
(the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the mentioned source was consulted)
UN Environment Glossary
United Nations, Statistics Division: Environment Glossary. URL http://unstats.un.org/unsd/environmentgl (En)
(the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the mentioned source was consulted)
UNBIS
United Nations, Department of Public Information, Dag Hammarskjöld Library: UNBIS Thesaurus. URL http://lib-thesaurus.un.org/LIB/DHLUNBISThesaurus.nsf (multilingual)
(the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the mentioned source was consulted)
Unesco
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization: UNESCO Thesaurus. URL http://databases.unesco.org/thesaurus (multilingual)
(the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the mentioned source was consulted)
WHO Glossary
European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies / WHO Regional Office for Europe: The Observatory's Health Systems Glossary. URL http://www.euro.who.int/observatory/glossary/toppage (En)
(the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the mentioned source was consulted)
WHO Health Topics
World Health Organization: Health Topics. URL http://www.who.int/topics/en (multilingual)
(the date following the source reference indicates the year in which the mentioned source was consulted)

Glossary

Asscociative relationships cf. Relationships

Concordances

Concordances are the corresponding descriptors or descriptor combinations which were used in the reference thesauri to describe the same concept.

Descriptors / non-descriptors

The Thesaurus consists of descriptors and non-descriptors. Descriptors are preferred terms (keywords) used for indexing literature. Non-descriptors are terms such as synonyms, quasi-synonyms and lexical variants whose semantic or contextual scope is covered by an individual descriptor (equivalence relationships). Non-descriptors are not used for indexing but provide useful entry points to identify the relevant descriptor or combination of descriptors.
'UF': (use for) following a descriptor refers users from the descriptor to any non-descriptor. sind.
'UF+': (Used for combination) following a descriptor indicates that it is one of two descriptors which are used in c ombination to express the concept of the non-descriptor following the UF+.
'USE' indicates the reciprocal relationship and guides users from the non-descriptor to the relevant descriptor.

Equivalence relationships cf. Relationships

Hierarchical relationships cf. Relationships

History Note

All changes in the Thesaurus relevant for indexing or searching, i.e. additions of new descriptors and rephrased descriptors, are documented in the history note. Information on new descriptors includes the year in which they were added and all descriptor details. Entries on descriptors which were rephrased contain previous indexing information including the period during which the descriptor was used in this form.

Node Labels

"Dummy terms" not assigned to documents when indexing, but inserted into the hierarchy to indicate the logical basis on which a category has been divided. This device is most useful in case of a large number of Narrower Terms under a specific Broader Term. Node labels help to grasp the organisation of the list and to find useful terms without scanning a long, diverse array. Their purpose is purely organisational.

Reference thesauri

The Thesaurus provides concordances with other thesauri. These thesauri are called 'reference thesauri'. Currently the Thesaurus provides concordances with

Relationships
Asscociative relationships
Numerous descriptors are connected by way of associative relationships (Related Terms; RT). Related Terms are those which have no direct hierarchical, but a close conceptual link to the descriptor.
Equivalence relationships
Descriptors may be placed in equivalence relationships with one or several non-descriptors. Non-descriptors lead the users to the descriptor or descriptor combination which are actually used in indexing and which are defined to cover the same concept.
Hierarchical relationships
Within the tree structure of the subject areas each descriptor is located in a specific position. In establishing hierarchies the Editorial Team generally followed the principle of generic and partitive relationships, i.e. either the Narrower Term describes more specific characteristics of the Broader Term, or it represents parts of the greater whole. This principle was however deliberately overruled at certain points in order to maintain and make best use of the work's core structure set by the twelve subject areas.
Scope Notes

Scope notes are brief texts supplementing a descriptor entry and providing background information on its use and intended scope. They can also point to alternatives or give short definitions. As the work continues a growing number of scope notes will be added to most descriptors. Scope notes which were not written by the project partners are accompanied by attributions of reference. In the list of references the original language of the source is marked. Unless indicated otherwise, translations for the other language versions were prepared by the DRZE or its partners.

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